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xtool: add upload command for App Store Connect - #327

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TartanLeGrand:feat/app-store-upload

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@TartanLeGrand

@TartanLeGrand TartanLeGrand commented Oct 12, 2026 •

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What does this PR do?

Adds xtool upload <ipa>, which sends an .ipa to App Store Connect through Apple's public Build Uploads API with an API key. It works the same on Linux, macOS and WSL and needs neither Xcode nor Transporter.

xtool upload <ipa> [--app-id <id>] [--wait] [--check] [--dry-run] [--skip-check]
  • Requires xtool auth login --mode key (App Store Connect API key, App Manager or Admin role).
  • Reads the bundle ID, version and build number from the .ipa, finds the app (GET /v1/apps?filter[bundleId]=..., or --app-id), creates the build upload, reserves the file, sends the parts to the pre-signed URLs, commits, and with --wait polls until Apple has processed the build, printing Apple's errors if it fails and its warnings if it succeeds.
  • Before sending, a local check refuses what Apple is known to reject: not exactly one .app in Payload/; missing CFBundleIdentifier, CFBundleShortVersionString or CFBundleVersion; no CFBundleIconName or no Assets.car; missing, unreadable or non App Store profile; get-task-allow true; profile for another bundle ID (wildcards accepted). Missing Xcode-stamped keys (DT*, BuildMachineOSBuild) are a warning. --check runs only this check (no login), --dry-run also resolves the app, --skip-check uploads anyway.

It is useful on its own for an .ipa built and signed elsewhere (for example on a Mac). Building one on Linux that App Store Connect accepts also needs #321, #323, #325 (asset catalogs) and #326 (distribution signing).

Implementation notes:

  • IPAInspector (XKit) does the local check, offline.
  • BuildUploader (XKit) uses its own DeveloperAPIClient with the existing ASC auth middleware.
    • Parts go to the pre-signed URLs through the plain HTTP client, never through the ASC client, so no Authorization header leaks there (tested). Up to 4 parts in parallel, read by offset from disk; an expired part URL is refreshed by re-reading the reservation.
    • Reads (GET, including the occasional 404 right after creation) and pre-signed PUTs are retried with bounded backoff. POST and PATCH to App Store Connect are never retried.
    • An ambiguous commit (5xx, timeout) is resolved by reading the file's delivery state. On failure before the commit, the build upload is deleted (best effort).
    • OpenAPIRuntime wraps middleware errors in ClientError; they are unwrapped, otherwise every 401/403 would have been retried (caught by a test).
    • The app lookup is a hand-written GET /v1/apps through the same middlewares: the spec's GET /v1/bundleIds/{id}/app answers 404 PATH_ERROR on the real API, and generating apps_getCollection would add about 10k lines for one call.
  • make api: the rename step used BSD-only sed -i '' and [[:<:]]; it now uses perl -pi with \b, which behaves the same with GNU and BSD tools.

Generated client

Six operations are added to the generator filter: buildUploads_{create,get,delete}Instance and buildUploadFiles_{create,get,update}Instance. Operations rather than whole tags, which would also pull in the relationship endpoints.

The client was regenerated with swift-openapi-generator 1.7.2, not the 1.13.1 in Package.resolved. The checked-in code was produced by 1.7.2 (from spec 4.0.0), and Package.resolved moved to 1.13.1 later without a regeneration. Running make api as is would switch the output format (Types+*.swift, public import) and add about 21k lines unrelated to this PR. Method check: 1.7.2 with spec 4.5.1 and the old filter reproduces Client.swift exactly, with a 64-line diff in Types.swift (spec drift from 4.0.0 to 4.5.1). The diff here is therefore that drift, a reordering of generated types, and the new operations. The spec is Apple's 4.5.1, downloaded on 2026-10-11 (base.json sha256 7518d3a94a8bd701ac25c1c601b95b8f53aad92091affb15a2a9d331713dac1a).

This is why #143 matters: without a pinned spec, two regenerations at different dates differ. Happy to split the regeneration into its own commit or PR, or to wait for #143.

How was it tested?

  • swift build --product xtool and swift test on Linux (Podman, Swift 6.4, XTL_CI=1): Test run with 37 tests in 2 suites passed. New: BuildUploaderTests against a mock HTTP client (nominal upload with 2 parts, polling and warnings; without --wait; FAILED with errors[]; timeout; PUT retried then OK; PUT failing for good, then DELETE; POST not retried; 401 not retried; ambiguous commit resolved; commit replayed; expired URL refreshed; app lookup; unknown app) and IPAInspectorTests (one defect per fabricated .ipa, plus an end to end case through zip and the real ZIPCompressor).
  • SwiftLint 0.65.1 --strict: 0 violations.
  • Real App Store Connect, about fifteen uploads of a production app (17-18 MB IPAs, 4 parts of 5 MiB) with --app-id and --wait:
    • accepted builds went from upload to VALID in about 2 minutes, in line with uploads made with Apple's tools, although this command only sends the .ipa (Apple's own tool also sends an asset description and an analyzer archive; they turned out not to be required);
    • a rejected build surfaced Apple's error as is (90034: Missing or invalid signature...) about 5 minutes after the commit;
    • --check on the first of these IPAs: No errors found., plus the BuildMachineOSBuild warning (Apple did not require that key).

Not tested against the real API: the app lookup without --app-id (the GET /v1/apps replacement was written after the uploads above and is covered by unit tests only), duplicate build numbers, and expired part URLs.

Limits:

  • When Apple accepts the file but never creates the build (seen with an Assets.car App Store processing could not read), --wait only stops at its fixed 30 minute timeout, with a message saying the build may still complete. A healthy build shows up within minutes, so a "probably stuck" warning and a --timeout option would be useful follow-ups.
  • The check unzips the whole .ipa to a temporary directory, as installation already does.
  • Not checked locally: SwiftSupport/, PrivacyInfo.xcprivacy, LC_BUILD_VERSION, the binary's own entitlements, nested frameworks, the profile's certificate chain. No build number pre-check. No checksum sent at commit (optional in the API).
  • Still not portable in the Makefile: bsdtar -xO in the openapi/base.json rule (Apple's archive contains __MACOSX/._openapi.oas.json, so unzip -p needs the file name).

Part of #117. Related: #143.

AI tool usage

How much of this PR was AI-assisted? (check one)

  • 0 - No AI was used to write code
  • 1 - I was assisted by AI. I reviewed the finished result.
  • 2 - I set the AI going and left it to it; nobody has read the result - no review, or AI review only

Opened as a draft, as the template asks for level 2. The change was validated by running it (tests, real builds, device installs and App Store Connect uploads where stated above), not by a line-by-line human review yet. I will answer review questions myself.

Summary by CodeRabbit

  • New Features

    • Added an upload command to inspect an IPA and upload it to App Store Connect. Choose an app by ID or bundle ID, preview an upload, skip checks, or wait for processing.
    • IPA checks flag packaging, signing, and missing metadata issues that may affect submission, with relevant warnings.
    • Uploads retry recoverable failures and report processing status and results.
  • Documentation

    • Added guidance on upload requirements, available options, and common checks.

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⛔ Files ignored due to path filters: 2
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  • Sources/DeveloperAPI/Generated/Types.swift is excluded by !**/generated/**
📒 Files selected for processing: 1
  • Package.swift

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📝 Walkthrough

This change adds local IPA checks and an xtool upload command for App Store Connect. The command can resolve an app by bundle ID, upload an IPA in parts, and optionally wait for processing. New documentation describes prerequisites, checks, and command options.

Changes: IPA upload

Layer / File(s) Summary
IPA inspection
Sources/XKit/AppStoreConnect/IPAInspector.swift, Tests/XToolTests/IPAInspectorTests.swift
IPAInspector extracts app identity and platform data, and reports findings for required metadata, icons, and provisioning profiles. Tests cover the findings and inspection of a zipped IPA.
Upload API and app selection
Sources/DeveloperAPI/openapi-generator-config.yaml, Sources/XKit/DeveloperServices/OpenAPI/OpenAPIExtensibleEnum.swift, Sources/XKit/AppStoreConnect/BuildUploader.swift, Tests/XToolTests/BuildUploaderTests.swift, Tests/XToolTests/MockHTTPClient.swift, Package.swift, Makefile
The generated API selection includes build-upload operations. BuildUploader resolves apps by exact bundle-ID match and starts uploads. Test dependencies, mock HTTP support, and the generated-client rename step are also updated.
Transfer, commit, and processing
Sources/XKit/AppStoreConnect/BuildUploader.swift, Tests/XToolTests/BuildUploaderTests.swift
The uploader transfers parts, handles expired URLs and ambiguous commit results, retries eligible requests, and can poll processing status. Tests cover transfer, cleanup, retries, commit recovery, failures, and timeouts.
Command integration and documentation
Sources/XToolSupport/UploadCommand.swift, Sources/XToolSupport/XTool.swift, Documentation/xtool.docc/Upload.md, Documentation/xtool.docc/xtool.md
The upload command inspects the IPA, supports check and dry-run modes, selects an app, and reports upload events and results. The command is registered and documented.

Priority: ➖ Normal

Estimated code review effort: 4 (Complex) | ~45 minutes

Change: Feature

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
  participant UploadCommand
  participant IPAInspector
  participant BuildUploader
  participant AppStoreConnect
  UploadCommand->>IPAInspector: Inspect IPA and return findings
  UploadCommand->>BuildUploader: Resolve app and upload IPA
  BuildUploader->>AppStoreConnect: Create upload and reserve file
  BuildUploader->>AppStoreConnect: Transfer parts and commit file
  BuildUploader->>AppStoreConnect: Read processing state when waiting
  BuildUploader-->>UploadCommand: Return upload result
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Suggested reviewers: kabiroberai

Merge Risk: ⚪ Minimal · up to 46f71

This update only adjusts test-target dependencies, with no identified change to upload behavior or other current merge-blocking risk.

Pre-merge checks: Passed 4
Check name Status Explanation
Description Check Passed Check skipped - CodeRabbit’s high-level summary is enabled.
Title check Passed The title clearly and concisely describes the primary change: adding an upload command for App Store Connect.
Linked Issues check Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
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@TartanLeGrand
TartanLeGrand marked this pull request as ready for review October 13, 2026 13:29

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Actionable comments posted: 1


  • 🪄 Fix CodeRabbit comments on this PR
🤖 Prompt to fix review comments
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Inline comments:
Review comments at @Sources/XKit/AppStoreConnect/BuildUploader.swift:
- Around line 281-284: Update the expiration check in the BuildUploader flow to
refresh the operation before its pre-signed URLs expire by comparing expiration
against the current time plus a safety margin. Keep the existing refreshed call
and fileID handling unchanged.

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⛔ Files ignored due to path filters (2)
  • Sources/DeveloperAPI/Generated/Client.swift is excluded by !**/generated/**
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📒 Files selected for processing (13)
  • Documentation/xtool.docc/Upload.md
  • Documentation/xtool.docc/xtool.md
  • Makefile
  • Package.swift
  • Sources/DeveloperAPI/openapi-generator-config.yaml
  • Sources/XKit/AppStoreConnect/BuildUploader.swift
  • Sources/XKit/AppStoreConnect/IPAInspector.swift
  • Sources/XKit/DeveloperServices/OpenAPI/OpenAPIExtensibleEnum.swift
  • Sources/XToolSupport/UploadCommand.swift
  • Sources/XToolSupport/XTool.swift
  • Tests/XToolTests/BuildUploaderTests.swift
  • Tests/XToolTests/IPAInspectorTests.swift
  • Tests/XToolTests/MockHTTPClient.swift

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Comment thread Sources/XKit/AppStoreConnect/BuildUploader.swift
@TartanLeGrand TartanLeGrand mentioned this pull request Oct 14, 2026
5 of 7 tasks
sed -i '' and [[:<:]] are BSD-only, so the rename step of `make api`
fails on Linux with GNU sed. perl -pi and \b behave the same on both.
Add buildUploads and buildUploadFiles create/get/update(/delete) so xtool
can upload builds through the public App Store Connect API.

The client is regenerated from the current Apple spec (4.5.1) with
swift-openapi-generator 1.7.2, the version that produced the checked-in
code (Package.resolved is on 1.13.1 but the output was never regenerated,
which would otherwise add ~20k lines of unrelated churn). The spec drift
since 4.0.0 is limited to a few schema fields and the reordering of
generated types.
Read the bundle ID, version and build from an ipa, and report what App
Store Connect is known to reject: missing Info.plist keys, no compiled
icon, a profile that isn't an App Store one, get-task-allow. Missing
Xcode-stamped keys (DT*) are reported as warnings.
Upload an ipa through the Build Uploads API: create the upload, reserve
the file, send the parts to the pre-signed URLs without credentials,
commit, and poll until Apple accepts or rejects the build, reporting its
errors. Reads are retried, writes to App Store Connect are not, and an
ambiguous commit is resolved by reading the file state.
xtool upload <ipa> sends an ipa to App Store Connect with an API key,
with --wait, --dry-run and --check (local checks only).
GET /v1/bundleIds/{id}/app does not exist (404 PATH_ERROR). Look the app
up with the bundleId filter of /v1/apps instead. The request is made by
hand through the same auth and error handling, because generating the
operation would add ~10k lines for one lookup.
Refresh a pre-signed URL when it expires within 60 seconds, since the
local clock and the storage backend's may disagree. The current time is
read from the date dependency so the margin can be tested.
@TartanLeGrand

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Rebased onto main to resolve the Package.swift conflict with #306: both added test dependencies to XToolTests, so the list is now the union of the two. No other change. swift build --product xtool and swift test (41 tests, including the new certificate ones from #306) pass on Linux, and SwiftLint --strict is clean.

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