richarddushime · Nov 9, 2026 · Nov 9, 2026 · Nov 11, 2026 · Nov 11, 2026 · Nov 11, 2026
@@ -1,4 +1,12 @@
 {
+    "german": {
+        "Model (computational)": [
+            "computational_rechenmodell"
+        ],
+        "Model (statistical)": [
+            "statistical_statistisches_modell"
+        ]
+    },
     "arabic": {
         "Adversarial (collaborative) commentary": [
             "collaborative_commentary_الت_عليق_الت_عاوني_العدايي"

diff --git a/content/glossary/arabic/cobidas_لجنة_أفضل_الممارسات_في_تحليل_البيانات_ومشاركتها.md b/content/glossary/arabic/cobidas_لجنة_أفضل_الممارسات_في_تحليل_البيانات_ومشاركتها.md
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
     "definition": "طور مجتمع التَّصوير العصبي التابع لمنظمة رسم خرائط الدِّماغ البشري دليلًا لأفضل الممارسات في جمع بيانات التَّصوير العصبي، وتحليلها وإعداد التَّقارير الخاصّة بها، ومشاركة كلّ من البيانات والنَّص البرمجي للتَّحليل.  يتضمن هذا المبدأ ثمانية عناصر يجب استيفاؤها عند كتابة أو تقديم مخطوطة من أجل تحسين طرق إعداد التَّقارير، والصُّور العصبيَّة النَّاتجة لتحقيق أقصى درجات الشَّفافيَّة وإعادة الإنتاج.  **تعريف بديل: (إن أمكن)** قائمة مرجعية لتحليل البيانات ومشاركتها.",
     "related_terms": [],
     "references": [
-        "Nichols, T. E., Das, S., Eickhoff, S. B., Evans, A. C., Glatard, T., Hanke, M., & others. (2017). Best practices in data analysis and sharing in neuroimaging using MRI. <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>, <i>20</i>(3), 299–303. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.4500",
-        "Pernet, C., Garrido, M. I., Gramfort, A., Maurits, N., Michel, C. M., Pang, E., & others. (2020). Issues and recommendations from the OHBM COBIDAS MEEG committee for reproducible EEG and MEG research. <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>, <i>23</i>(12), 1473–1483. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-020-00709-0"
+        "Nichols, T. E., Das, S., Eickhoff, S. B., Evans, A. C., Glatard, T., Hanke, M., et al. (2017). Best practices in data analysis and sharing in neuroimaging using MRI. <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>, <i>20</i>(3), 299–303. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.4500",
+        "Pernet, C., Garrido, M. I., Gramfort, A., Maurits, N., Michel, C. M., Pang, E., et al. (2020). Issues and recommendations from the OHBM COBIDAS MEEG committee for reproducible EEG and MEG research. <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>, <i>23</i>(12), 1473–1483. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-020-00709-0"
     ],
     "drafted_by": [
         "Yu-Fang Yang"
@@ -32,5 +32,5 @@
         "Ali H. Al-Hoorie",
         "Mohammed Mohsen"
     ],
-    "lastmod": "2026-08-05"
+    "lastmod": "2026-11-09"
 }
diff --git a/content/glossary/arabic/cog_قيود_الت_عميم.md b/content/glossary/arabic/cog_قيود_الت_عميم.md
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
     ],
     "references": [
         "Busse, C., Kach, A. P., & Wagner, S. M. (2017). Boundary Conditions: What They Are, How to Explore Them, Why We Need Them, and When to Consider Them. <i>Organizational Research Methods</i>, <i>20</i>(4), 574–609. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428116641191",
-        "Brandt, M. J., IJzerman, H., Dijksterhuis, A., Farach, F. J., Geller, J., Giner-Sorolla, R., & others. (2014). The replication recipe: What makes for a convincing replication? <i>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</i>, <i>50</i>, 217–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2013.10.005",
+        "Brandt, M. J., IJzerman, H., Dijksterhuis, A., Farach, F. J., Geller, J., Giner-Sorolla, R., et al. (2014). The replication recipe: What makes for a convincing replication? <i>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</i>, <i>50</i>, 217–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2013.10.005",
         "Simons, D. J., Shoda, Y., & Lindsay, D. S. (2017). Constraints on generality (COG): A proposed addition to all empirical papers. <i>Perspectives on Psychological Science</i>, <i>12</i>(6), 1123–1128. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691617708630",
         "Yarkoni, T. (2020). The generalizability crisis. <i>Behavioral and Brain Sciences</i>, 1–37. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X20001685"
     ],
@@ -45,5 +45,5 @@
         "Ali H. Al-Hoorie",
         "Mohammed Mohsen"
     ],
-    "lastmod": "2026-08-05"
+    "lastmod": "2026-11-09"
 }
diff --git a/content/glossary/arabic/crep_مشروع_الت_كرار_والت_عليم_الت_عاوني.md b/content/glossary/arabic/crep_مشروع_الت_كرار_والت_عليم_الت_عاوني.md
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
         "Exact replication"
     ],
     "references": [
-        "Wagge, J. R., Baciu, C., Banas, K., Nadler, J. T., Schwarz, S., Weisberg, Y., & others. (2019). A demonstration of the collaborative replication and education project: Replication attempts of the red-romance effect. <i>Collabra: Psychology</i>, <i>5</i>(1). https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.177"
+        "Wagge, J. R., Baciu, C., Banas, K., Nadler, J. T., Schwarz, S., Weisberg, Y., et al. (2019). A demonstration of the collaborative replication and education project: Replication attempts of the red-romance effect. <i>Collabra: Psychology</i>, <i>5</i>(1). https://doi.org/10.1525/collabra.177"
     ],
     "drafted_by": [
         "Connor Keating"
@@ -34,5 +34,5 @@
         "Ali H. Al-Hoorie",
         "Mohammed Mohsen"
     ],
-    "lastmod": "2026-08-05"
+    "lastmod": "2026-11-09"
 }
diff --git a/...arabic/niro_sr_المراجعات_المنهجي_ة_غير_الت_دخلي_ة_المفتوحة_والقابلة_للت_كرار.md b/...arabic/niro_sr_المراجعات_المنهجي_ة_غير_الت_دخلي_ة_المفتوحة_والقابلة_للت_كرار.md
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
         "Systematic Review Protocol"
     ],
     "references": [
-        "Topor, M., Pickering, J. S., Barbosa Mendes, A., Bishop, D. V. M., Büttner, F. C., Elsherif, M. M., & others. (2021). <i>An integrative framework for planning and conducting Non-Intervention, Reproducible, and Open Systematic Reviews (NIRO-SR)</i>. https://doi.org/10.31222/osf.io/8gu5z"
+        "Topor, M., Pickering, J. S., Barbosa Mendes, A., Bishop, D. V. M., Büttner, F. C., Elsherif, M. M., et al. (2021). <i>An integrative framework for planning and conducting Non-Intervention, Reproducible, and Open Systematic Reviews (NIRO-SR)</i>. https://doi.org/10.31222/osf.io/8gu5z"
     ],
     "drafted_by": [
         "Asma Assaneea"
@@ -34,5 +34,5 @@
         "Ali H. Al-Hoorie",
         "Mohammed Mohsen"
     ],
-    "lastmod": "2026-08-05"
+    "lastmod": "2026-11-09"
 }
diff --git a/content/glossary/arabic/oer_commons_مصادر_التع_ل_م_المفتوحة_العام_ة.md b/content/glossary/arabic/oer_commons_مصادر_التع_ل_م_المفتوحة_العام_ة.md
@@ -12,8 +12,7 @@
         "Open Science Framework"
     ],
     "references": [
-        "OER Commons. (n.d.). <i>OER Commons</i>. https://www.oercommons.org/",
-        "[www.oercommons.org](http://www.oercommons.org)"
+        "OER Commons. (n.d.). <i>OER Commons</i>. https://www.oercommons.org/"
     ],
     "drafted_by": [
         "Ali H. Al-Hoorie"
@@ -34,5 +33,5 @@
         "Ali H. Al-Hoorie",
         "Mohammed Mohsen"
     ],
-    "lastmod": "2026-08-05"
+    "lastmod": "2026-11-11"
 }
diff --git a/content/glossary/arabic/qmp_ممارسات_القياس_المشكوك_فيها.md b/content/glossary/arabic/qmp_ممارسات_القياس_المشكوك_فيها.md
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
     "related_terms": [
         "Construct validity",
         "Measurement schmeasurement",
-        "p-hacking",
+        "*p*-hacking",
         "Psychometrics",
         "Questionable Research Practices or Questionable Reporting Practices (QRPs)",
         "Validity"
@@ -38,5 +38,5 @@
         "Asma Alzahrani",
         "Mohammed Mohsen"
     ],
-    "lastmod": "2026-11-08"
+    "lastmod": "2026-11-09"
 }
diff --git a/...abic/qrps_ممارسات_البحث_المشكوك_فيها_أو_ممارسات_إعداد_الت_قارير_المشكوك_فيها.md b/...abic/qrps_ممارسات_البحث_المشكوك_فيها_أو_ممارسات_إعداد_الت_قارير_المشكوك_فيها.md
@@ -11,14 +11,14 @@
         "Garden of forking paths",
         "HARKing",
         "Nonpublication of data",
-        "p-hacking",
-        "p-value fishing",
+        "*p*-hacking",
+        "*p*-value fishing",
         "Partial publication of data",
         "Post-hoc storytelling",
         "Preregistration",
         "Questionable Measurement Practices (QMP)",
         "Researcher degrees of freedom",
-        "Reverse p-hacking",
+        "Reverse *p*-hacking",
         "Salami slicing"
     ],
     "references": [
@@ -55,5 +55,5 @@
         "Asma Alzahrani",
         "Mohammed Mohsen"
     ],
-    "lastmod": "2026-11-08"
+    "lastmod": "2026-11-09"
 }
diff --git a/content/glossary/arabic/udl_الت_صميم_الش_امل_للت_عل_م.md b/content/glossary/arabic/udl_الت_صميم_الش_امل_للت_عل_م.md
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@
     "references": [
         "Hitchcock, C., Meyer, A., Rose, D., & Jackson, R. (2002). Providing new access to the general curriculum: Universal design for learning. <i>Teaching Exceptional Children</i>, <i>35</i>(2), 8–17. https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/providing-new-access-general-curriculum/docview/201139970/se-2?accountid=8630",
         "Rose, D. (2000). Universal design for learning. <i>Journal of Special Education Technology</i>, <i>15</i>(3), 45–49. https://doi.org/10.1177/016264340001500307",
-        "Rose, D. H., & Meyer, A. (2002). Teaching every student in the digital age: Universal design for learning. In <i>The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology</i>. Association for Supervision."
+        "Rose, D. H., & Meyer, A. (2002). Teaching every student in the digital age: Universal design for learning. In <i>The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology</i>. Association for Supervision.",
+        "Edyburn, D. L. (2010). Would you recognize universal design for learning if you saw it? Ten propositions for new directions for the second decade of UDL. <i>Learning Disability Quarterly</i>, <i>33</i>(1), 33–41. https://doi.org/10.1177/073194871003300103"
     ],
     "drafted_by": [
         "Charlotte R. Pennington"
@@ -37,5 +38,5 @@
         "Hiba Alomary",
         "Mohammed Mohsen"
     ],
-    "lastmod": "2026-08-05"
+    "lastmod": "2026-11-09"
 }
diff --git a/content/glossary/arabic/أسواق_الت_كرار.md b/content/glossary/arabic/أسواق_الت_كرار.md
@@ -12,10 +12,9 @@
     ],
     "references": [
         "Liu, Y., Gordon, M., Wang, J., Bishop, M., Chen, Y., Pfeiffer, T., Twardy, C., & Viganola, D. (2020). Replication Markets: Results, Lessons, Challenges and Opportunities in AI Replication. <i>ArXiv:2005.04543 </i>. http://arxiv.org/abs/2005.04543",
-        "Tierney, W., Hardy III, J. H., Ebersole, C. R., Leavitt, K., Viganola, D., Clemente, E. G., & others. (2020). Creative destruction in science. <i>Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes</i>, <i>161</i>, 291–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2020.07.002",
-        "Tierney, W., Hardy III, J., Ebersole, C. R., Viganola, D., Clemente, E. G., Gordon, M., & others. (2021). A creative destruction approach to replication: Implicit work and sex morality across cultures. <i>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</i>, <i>93</i>, 104060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.104060",
-        "Replication Markets. (n.d.). <i>Replication Markets – Reliable research replicates…you can bet on it</i>. Replication Markets. https://www.replicationmarkets.org/",
-        "[www.replicationmarkets.com](http://www.replicationmarkets.com)"
+        "Tierney, W., Hardy III, J. H., Ebersole, C. R., Leavitt, K., Viganola, D., Clemente, E. G., et al. (2020). Creative destruction in science. <i>Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes</i>, <i>161</i>, 291–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2020.07.002",
+        "Tierney, W., Hardy III, J., Ebersole, C. R., Viganola, D., Clemente, E. G., Gordon, M., et al. (2021). A creative destruction approach to replication: Implicit work and sex morality across cultures. <i>Journal of Experimental Social Psychology</i>, <i>93</i>, 104060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2020.104060",
+        "Replication Markets. (n.d.). <i>Replication Markets – Reliable research replicates…you can bet on it</i>. Replication Markets. https://www.replicationmarkets.org/"
     ],
     "drafted_by": [
         "Ali H. Al-Hoorie"
@@ -38,5 +37,5 @@
         "Hiba Alomary",
         "Mohammed Mohsen"
     ],
-    "lastmod": "2026-11-08"
+    "lastmod": "2026-11-11"
 }
diff --git a/content/glossary/arabic/إرشادات_أرايف.md b/content/glossary/arabic/إرشادات_أرايف.md
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
         "STRANGE"
     ],
     "references": [
-        "Percie du Sert, N., Hurst, V., Ahluwalia, A., Alam, S., Avey, M. T., Baker, M., Browne, W. J., Clark, A., Cuthill, I. C., Dirnagl, U., Emerson, M., Garner, P., Holgate, S. T., Howells, D. W., Karp, N. A., Lazic, S. E., Lidster, K., MacCallum, C. J., Macleod, M., & others. (2020). The ARRIVE guidelines 2.0: Updated guidelines for reporting animal research. <i>PLOS Biology</i>, <i>18</i>(7), e3000410. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000410"
+        "Percie du Sert, N., Hurst, V., Ahluwalia, A., Alam, S., Avey, M. T., Baker, M., Browne, W. J., Clark, A., Cuthill, I. C., Dirnagl, U., Emerson, M., Garner, P., Holgate, S. T., Howells, D. W., Karp, N. A., Lazic, S. E., Lidster, K., MacCallum, C. J., Macleod, M., et al. (2020). The ARRIVE guidelines 2.0: Updated guidelines for reporting animal research. <i>PLOS Biology</i>, <i>18</i>(7), e3000410. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000410"
     ],
     "drafted_by": [
         "Ben Farrar"
@@ -38,5 +38,5 @@
         "Hala Alghamdi",
         "Mohammed Mohsen"
     ],
-    "lastmod": "2026-08-05"
+    "lastmod": "2026-11-09"
 }
diff --git a/content/glossary/arabic/إمكاني_ة_الوصول.md b/content/glossary/arabic/إمكاني_ة_الوصول.md
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
     "references": [
         "Brown, N., Thompson, P., & Leigh, J. S. (2018). Making academia more accessible. <i>Journal of Perspectives in Applied Academic Practice</i>, <i>6</i>(2), 82–90. https://doi.org/10.14297/jpaap.v6i2.348",
         "Pollet, I. L., & Bond, A. L. (2021). Evaluation and recommendations for greater accessibility of colour figures in ornithology. <i>Ibis</i>, <i>163</i>, 292–295. https://doi.org/10.1111/ibi.12887",
-        "Suber, P. (2004). The primacy of authors in achieving Open Access. In <i>Nature</i>. Retrieved from http://dash.harvard.edu/handle/1/4391161)",
+        "Suber, P. (2004). The primacy of authors in achieving Open Access. In <i>Nature</i>. Retrieved from http://dash.harvard.edu/handle/1/4391161",
         "World Wide Web Consortium. (2021). <i>Web Accessibility Initiative</i>. https://www.w3.org/WAI/",
         "Pownall, M., Talbot, C. V., Henschel, A., Lautarescu, A., Lloyd, K. E., Hartmann, H., Darda, K. M., Tang, K. T. Y., Carmichael-Murphy, P., & Siegel, J. A. (2021). Navigating Open Science as Early Career Feminist Researchers. <i>Psychology of Women Quarterly</i>, <i>45</i>(4), 526–539. https://doi.org/10.1177/03616843211029255"
     ],
@@ -49,5 +49,5 @@
         "Asma Alzahrani",
         "Mohammed Mohsen"
     ],
-    "lastmod": "2026-08-05"
+    "lastmod": "2026-11-09"
 }
diff --git a/content/glossary/arabic/اختبار_الت_كافؤ.md b/content/glossary/arabic/اختبار_الت_كافؤ.md
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
     "en_title": "Equivalence Testing",
     "title": "اختبار التَّكافؤ [Equivalence Testing]",
     "sort_key": "اختبار التَّكافؤ [equivalence testing]",
-    "definition": "تقوم اختبارات التَّكافؤ بتقييم الفرضيَّة الصِّفريَّة إحصائيًا، وهل  لها تأثير معين يتجاوز الحد الأدنى من المعايير التي تعدُّ ذات معنى، وبالتَّالي فإنَّ رفض الفرضيَّة الصِّفرية يعدُّ دليلًا على عدم وجود تأثير (ذي معنى). بناءً على الإحصائيات المتكرِّرة.  تعمل اختبارات التَّكافؤ عبر تحديد حدود التكافؤ، قيمة دنيا وعليا تعكس أصغر حجم تأثير محل الاهتمام.  يتم بعد ذلك إجراء اختبارين \"تي\" أحادي الجانب مقابل كل من حدود التَّكافؤ هذه؛ لتقييم ما إذا كان من الممكن رفض التَّأثيرات التي تعدُّ ذات معنى (Schuirmann, 1972; Lakens et al., 2018; 2020).  **المصطلحات ذات الصِّلة:** حدود التَّكافؤ، التَّزوير، التَّحليلات المتكرِّرة، الاستدلال بفترات الثِّقة، اختبار دلالةالفرضيَّة الصِّفريَّة، أصغر حجم تأثير موضع اهتمام (SESOI)، (TOSTER)، إجراء TOST.",
+    "definition": "تقوم اختبارات التَّكافؤ بتقييم الفرضيَّة الصِّفريَّة إحصائيًا، وهل  لها تأثير معين يتجاوز الحد الأدنى من المعايير التي تعدُّ ذات معنى، وبالتَّالي فإنَّ رفض الفرضيَّة الصِّفرية يعدُّ دليلًا على عدم وجود تأثير (ذي معنى). بناءً على الإحصائيات المتكرِّرة.  تعمل اختبارات التَّكافؤ عبر تحديد حدود التكافؤ، قيمة دنيا وعليا تعكس أصغر حجم تأثير محل الاهتمام.  يتم بعد ذلك إجراء اختبارين \"تي\" أحادي الجانب مقابل كل من حدود التَّكافؤ هذه؛ لتقييم ما إذا كان من الممكن رفض التَّأثيرات التي تعدُّ ذات معنى (Schuirmann, 1987; Lakens et al., 2018; 2020).  **المصطلحات ذات الصِّلة:** حدود التَّكافؤ، التَّزوير، التَّحليلات المتكرِّرة، الاستدلال بفترات الثِّقة، اختبار دلالةالفرضيَّة الصِّفريَّة، أصغر حجم تأثير موضع اهتمام (SESOI)، (TOSTER)، إجراء TOST.",
     "related_terms": [
         "Equivalence bounds",
         "Falsification",
@@ -42,5 +42,5 @@
         "Ahlam Ahmed",
         "Mohammed Mohsen"
     ],
-    "lastmod": "2026-08-05"
+    "lastmod": "2026-11-09"
 }