feat(nip-01): send rate-limited backoff hint on CLOSED

[Ferryx349]

Description

This PR completes the CLOSED half of nostr-protocol/nips#2498 (#807 did OK).

• Optional 4th param on CLOSED via createClosedMessage / ClosedMessage.
• Per-IP message rate limit returns tripped window ms (same as feat(nip-01): add rate-limited backoff hint to OK messages #807 on OK).
• Rate-limited REQ / COUNT -> CLOSED and backoff; other frames keep NOTICE.

Implements option 1 from the issue.

Related Issue

Closes #820

Motivation and Context

How Has This Been Tested?

Screenshots (if appropriate):

Types of changes

• Non-functional change (docs, style, minor refactor)
• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to change)

Checklist:

• My code follows the code style of this project.
• My change requires a change to the documentation.
• I have updated the documentation accordingly.
• I have read the CONTRIBUTING document.
• I have added tests to cover my code changes.
• I added a changeset, or this is docs-only and I added an empty changeset.
• All new and existing tests passed.

[changeset-bot]

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: d3f047e

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 1 package

Name	Type
nostream	Minor

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[greptile-apps]

Confidence Score: 5/5

[Medium impact] The PR appears safe to merge; no new actionable issues were found.

Summary

This PR adds an optional backoff value to CLOSED responses.

• Rate-limited reads get a CLOSED reply with a backoff hint.
• CLOSED replies can include an optional fourth string.

The previous unnumbered thread was manually resolved by Ferryx349 without an explanatory reply. No new actionable issues were found.

Diagram

%%{init: {'theme': 'neutral'}}%%
flowchart TD
  A[Incoming message] --> B{Rate limited?}
  B -->|No| C[Validate and run handler]
  B -->|Yes| D{Message type}
  D -->|REQ| E[Abort matching reads and remove subscription]
  E --> F[Send CLOSED with backoff]
  D -->|COUNT| F
  D -->|Other or invalid JSON| G[Send NOTICE]

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_{Reviews (2) · Last reviewed commit: "fix(nip-01): tear down subscription befo..." · Reviewed by Greptile}

[coveralls]

coverage: 73.973% (+0.06%) from 73.911% — feat/closed-rate-limited-hint into main