GH-55432: [C++][FlightRPC][ODBC] Remove Arrow Libs from Linux ODBC installer

.github/workflows/cpp_extra.yml

@@ -529,6 +529,22 @@ jobs:
           sudo sysctl -w vm.mmap_rnd_bits=28
           source ci/scripts/util_enable_core_dumps.sh
           archery docker run ubuntu-cpp-odbc
+      - name: Check ODBC Dependency
+        run: |
+          # ODBC dependency should not include other Arrow libraries
+          ldd "$(pwd)/build/cpp/release/libarrow_flight_sql_odbc.so"
+          archery linking check-dependencies \
+            --disallow libarrow \
+            --disallow libarrow_acero \
+            --disallow libarrow_compute \
+            --disallow libarrow_dataset \
+            --disallow libarrow_flight \
+            --disallow libarrow_flight_sql \
+            --disallow libarrow_substrait \
+            --disallow libarrow_testing \
+            --disallow libgandiva \
+            --disallow libparquet \
+            "$(pwd)/build/cpp/release/libarrow_flight_sql_odbc.so"
       - name: Save Docker Volumes
         if: ${{ !cancelled() }}
         continue-on-error: true

compose.yaml

@@ -542,11 +542,12 @@ services:
     depends_on:
       dremio:
          condition: service_healthy
+    # Use `/arrow/build` so build artifacts are visible on the CI host
     command: >
       /bin/bash -c "
-        /arrow/ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh /arrow /build &&
+        /arrow/ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh /arrow /arrow/build &&
         sudo /arrow/cpp/src/arrow/flight/sql/odbc/install/unix/install_odbc.sh /usr/local/lib/libarrow_flight_sql_odbc.so &&
-        /arrow/ci/scripts/cpp_test.sh /arrow /build"
+        /arrow/ci/scripts/cpp_test.sh /arrow /arrow/build"
 
   ubuntu-cpp-minimal:
     # Arrow build with minimal components/dependencies

dev/tasks/linux-packages/apache-arrow/yum/arrow.spec.in

@@ -536,7 +536,8 @@ Libraries and header files for Apache Arrow Flight SQL.
 %package -n %{name}%{so_version}-flight-sql-odbc-libs
 Summary:	C++ library for interacting with SQL databases via ODBC.
 License:	Apache-2.0
-Requires:	%{name}%{so_version}-flight-sql-libs = %{version}-%{release}
+# GH-55432: ODBC statically links to Arrow Libraries on Linux,
+# Arrow library dependency is not required
 Requires(post):	/usr/bin/odbcinst
 Requires(postun):	/usr/bin/odbcinst