[C++] Deprecate Parquet pseudo-version "2.0" #29420

ParquetVersion::type currently has two members: PARQUET_1_0 and PARQUET_2_0. The latter enables a hodgepodge of features which were actually added in Parquet format 2.4 and 2.6 (and others?).

To allow more fine-grained selection of the format version, we should deprecate this value and add PARQUET_2_4 and PARQUET_2_6 values.

Reporter: Antoine Pitrou / @pitrou
Assignee: Antoine Pitrou / @pitrou

Related issues:

• [C++][Python] Switch default Parquet version to 2.4 (blocks)

PRs and other links:

• GitHub Pull Request #11031

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-13794. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}