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Leave dependents' Social Security out of per-return readers of nontaxable benefits - #10647

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per-return-tax-exempt-ss
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MaxGhenis wants to merge 3 commits into
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per-return-tax-exempt-ss

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WIP: draft while the item is in progress. CI skips drafts, so it hasn't run.

What and why

tax_exempt_social_security adds every tax unit member's benefit, so it carries a tax unit dependent's whole benefit. #9825 added filer_tax_exempt_social_security (head and spouse only) and left the other readers on the household amount. This PR moves the readers whose law measures the filers' own return.

Done so far (commit f2561e8):

  1. Federal Optional State Sales Tax Table income (state_sales_tax_income_bracket). The 2025 Schedule A instructions read the table at "the amount shown on your Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 11b, plus any nontaxable items". The source list now uses filer_tax_exempt_social_security, and the person-level sources are summed with tax_unit_non_dep_add, so a dependent's SSI, tax-exempt interest, veterans' benefits, workers' compensation and nontaxable pensions also stay out. TANF is an SPM-unit amount; tax_unit_non_dep_add adds it as add does, so a family grant still counts in full.
  2. WATCA alternative tax MAGI (watca_alternative_tax_magi). Section 1A(d)(2) of S. 4083 adds "the portion of the taxpayer's social security benefits" that section 86 leaves out. It now adds filer_tax_exempt_social_security.

Plan:

  1. Read the law for each remaining reader (Colorado sales tax refund MAGI, Maine fairness credits, Rhode Island property tax credit, Washington senior/disabled exemption, West Virginia HEPTC, Missouri property tax credit, Vermont renter credit). Fix those whose law clearly wants a per-return amount and list the rest with reasons. Medicaid's MAGI modification and the Wisconsin homestead credit are covered by open PRs Count dependents' MAGI in ACA and Medicaid household income only when they must file #10108 and Leave dependents' income out of Wisconsin homestead credit household income #10191.
  2. Add a property test: moving a dependent's benefit between $0 and any amount leaves each per-return reader unchanged.

Test plan

  • YAML regression cases from the Schedule A instructions and the bill text: state_sales_tax_income_bracket.yaml (4 new cases) and contrib/congress/watca.yaml (2 new cases). The 3 sales tax and 2 WATCA regressions fail on main and pass here.
  • test_state_sales_tax_table.py: source list updated, 89 passed.
  • Remaining readers and property test (in progress).
  • Source conflicts: none taken so far; not applicable yet.
  • make format (ruff format on changed files)
  • Changelog fragment in changelog.d/

impact: the hub will measure
axiom: (hub files pe-parity before landing)


Generated by Claude Code

…A MAGI

The Optional State Sales Tax Table row is read at "the amount shown on
your Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 11b, plus any nontaxable items" (2025
Schedule A instructions), and WATCA's section 1A(d)(2) adds "the portion
of the taxpayer's social security benefits" that section 86 leaves out.
Both measure the filers' own return. Both read tax_exempt_social_security,
which carries a tax unit dependent's whole benefit, and the table income
also summed every member's person-level nontaxable items with add(). A
dependent's benefits are income of "the person who has the legal right
to receive the benefits" (IRS Pub. 915, 2025).

- state_sales_tax_income_bracket sums its sources with
  tax_unit_non_dep_add, and its source list uses
  filer_tax_exempt_social_security. TANF is an SPM-unit amount, which
  tax_unit_non_dep_add adds as add() does, as every tax unit member's
  per-person share, so a family grant paid to the caretaker still counts
  in full.
- watca_alternative_tax_magi adds filer_tax_exempt_social_security.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
…d a property test

Colorado's sales tax refund adds to federal AGI the "Social security
benefits excluded from federal adjusted gross income" (C.R.S.
39-22-2003(1.5)(b)), measured as "the qualified individual's adjusted
gross income" ((3)(c)); DR 0104 line 35 is the filers' Form 1040 line 6a
less 6b. Maine's fairness credits add the interest and Social Security
left out of federal AGI (36 M.R.S. 5213-A(1)(B), 5219-KK(1)(D)), and
Rule 813 .03 makes it "the taxpayer's". Both read
tax_exempt_social_security, which carries a dependent's whole benefit,
and Maine also summed every member's tax-exempt interest.

- co magi_sources and me income_sources use
  filer_tax_exempt_social_security; Maine's income sums its sources
  with tax_unit_non_dep_add.
- Colorado's 2025 Book 104 reference pointed at page 23 (military
  subtraction text); the MAGI lines are on pages 13 and 42.
- A property test draws filers and one to three dependents, children or
  aged parents, with benefits from $1 to $1,000,000, and checks that the
  per-return readers are unchanged when the dependents' amounts are zero,
  as drawn or doubled. The table amount, the refund and the credits are
  checked for units with child dependents only: an aged parent's own
  income can decide whether the filer heads a household for them.
- WATCA gets the same property as a YAML grid over the child's benefit,
  so CI builds no extra reformed system.
- The grandchild bracket case now fails under each half of the sales tax
  fix alone, not only both together.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
RCW 84.36.383(2) combines the disposable income of the claimant, the
spouse or domestic partner, and each cotenant (a resident with an
ownership interest, (3)). WAC 458-16A-120(2)(b) adds nontaxable Social
Security to the AGI of "the person receiving these benefits", and
pensions, excluded military pay and tax-exempt interest to the
recipient's. The model read tax_exempt_social_security, which carries a
dependent's whole benefit, and summed every member's person-level
add-backs with add().

- sources use filer_tax_exempt_social_security, summed with
  tax_unit_non_dep_add. A dependent who owns part of the residence is a
  cotenant and comes in once, through wa_pte_cotenant_disposable_income.
- The medical deductions keep summing every member: the statute counts
  amounts the claimant or spouse paid, and expense inputs don't record
  the payer.
- Rhode Island's property tax credit counts "all income received by all
  persons of a household" (R.I. Gen. Laws 44-33-3(6)), so it keeps the
  household amount; a new case pins a dependent's benefits there.
- The property test adds Washington. It zeroes Medicare premiums, which
  the measure subtracts and which can turn on another member's income
  through Medicare Savings Program deeming.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
@MaxGhenis

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Picking this up for the US hub. I'm continuing an earlier session's work on this PR: its three commits (f2561e8da9, 16718d329e, a658ba9924) stopped when that session ran out of usage, and it left no hand-off. I'll re-check each of those commits, finish the remaining readers and the property test, and post a hand-off comment here when it's ready.


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