Follow the SNAP statute on ABAWD timing in Alaska and Hawaii and the FY2026 large-household cap

changelog.d/statute-first-snap.fixed.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Follow the statute where USDA or state practice differs: the amended ABAWD rules apply in Alaska and Hawaii from 2025-07-04 rather than the states' announced 2025-11-01, and the cap on the additional allotment for households of 9 or more applies from FY2026. Use USDA's cost basis before whole-dollar allotment rounding where the source bounds determine the cap, correcting urban Alaska's FY2026 cap to $4,885.

policyengine_us/parameters/gov/states/ak/dpa/snap/work_requirements/abawd/hr1_in_effect.yaml

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 # P.L. 119-21 grants Alaska preferential waiver authority (150% of the
 # national average unemployment threshold and good-faith exemptions)
-# per 7 U.S.C. 2015(o)(4)(A)(ii) and 2015(o)(7). Alaska adopts the HR1
-# ABAWD rules statewide from 2025-11-01 (its delayed-adoption date, the
-# same as Hawaii), so the new Alaska Native/Indian exception is in effect
-# from that date everywhere in Alaska, including the Municipality of
-# Anchorage. Two Alaska-specific overlays are modeled SEPARATELY rather
-# than by deferring this statewide toggle:
+# per 7 U.S.C. 2015(o)(4)(A)(ii) and 2015(o)(7). Section 10102 has no
+# later effective date, and USDA's implementation memorandum applies the
+# amended exceptions from enactment, 2025-07-04, so the HR1 rules,
+# including the new Alaska Native/Indian exception, are in effect from
+# that date everywhere in Alaska, including the Municipality of Anchorage.
+# Alaska's good-faith exemption starts 2025-11-01 and no authority for a
+# statewide delay before it was found; the model follows the statute. Two
+# Alaska-specific overlays are modeled SEPARATELY rather than by deferring
+# this statewide toggle:
 #   1. The waived geography (29 boroughs/census areas outside Anchorage
 #      through 2026-10-31, Anchorage excluded, cleared 2026-11-01) is
 #      carried by the abawd waived_counties parameter. FNS waived 20 of
@@ -17,10 +20,10 @@
 #      keep during the good-faith window (2025-11-01 through 2026-10-31)
 #      are carried by the good_faith_exemption parameters and applied on
 #      top of the post-HR1 exception set.
-# Keeping this toggle at 2025-11-01 (rather than deferring it to
-# 2026-11-01) preserves HR1's new Alaska Native/Indian exception and adds
-# only the approved temporary categories during the window, instead of
-# restoring the entire pre-HR1 exception set statewide. Under
+# Keeping this toggle on (rather than deferring it to 2026-11-01) preserves
+# HR1's new Alaska Native/Indian exception and adds only the approved
+# temporary categories during the window, instead of restoring the entire
+# pre-HR1 exception set statewide. Under
 # 7 U.S.C. 2015(o)(7)(D)(i) (as amended by HR1) a good-faith exemption,
 # once granted, expires no later than 2028-12-31 and may not be renewed
 # beyond that date.
@@ -29,7 +32,7 @@ description: Alaska implements the HR1 changes to Able-Bodied Adult Without Depe
 
 values:
   0000-01-01: false
-  2025-11-01: true
+  2025-07-04: true
 
 metadata:
   unit: bool
@@ -42,5 +45,7 @@ metadata:
       href: https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2015&num=0&edition=prelim
     - title: Public Law 119-21, Section 10102(c) - Exemption for noncontiguous States
       href: https://www.congress.gov/119/bills/hr1/BILLS-119hr1enr.pdf#page=12
+    - title: USDA FNS, SNAP Provisions of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025, ABAWD Exceptions Implementation (effective upon enactment, July 4, 2025)
+      href: https://www.usda.gov/sites/default/files/guidance-documents/fns.snap-obbb-abawd-exceptions-implementation.pdf#page=4
     - title: USDA FNS SNAP Provisions of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025, ABAWD Waivers Implementation Memorandum (October 3, 2025)
       href: https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/obbb-ABAWD-Waivers-Implementation-Memo

policyengine_us/parameters/gov/states/hi/dhs/snap/work_requirements/abawd/hr1_in_effect.yaml

@@ -1,12 +1,16 @@
 # P.L. 119-21 grants Hawaii preferential waiver authority (150% of the
 # national average unemployment threshold and good-faith exemptions)
-# per 7 U.S.C. 2015(o)(4)(A)(ii) and 2015(o)(7). Hawaii implemented the
-# HR1 ABAWD work requirement changes effective 2025-11-01.
+# per 7 U.S.C. 2015(o)(4)(A)(ii) and 2015(o)(7). Section 10102 has no
+# later effective date, and USDA's implementation memorandum applies the
+# amended exceptions from enactment, 2025-07-04. Hawaii DHS announced the
+# changes as effective 2025-11-01, but a good-faith exemption requires a
+# request and a federal determination, and none covering July through
+# October 2025 was found; the model follows the statute.
 description: Hawaii implements the HR1 changes to Able-Bodied Adult Without Dependents work requirements under the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program when this is true.
 
 values:
   0000-01-01: false
-  2025-11-01: true
+  2025-07-04: true
 
 metadata:
   unit: bool
@@ -19,5 +23,7 @@ metadata:
       href: https://humanservices.hawaii.gov/changes-to-able-bodied-adult-work-requirements-for-snap-faqs/
     - title: Public Law 119-21, Section 10102(a) - Modifications to SNAP ABAWD Requirements
       href: https://www.congress.gov/119/plaws/publ21/PLAW-119publ21.pdf#page=11
+    - title: USDA FNS, SNAP Provisions of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025, ABAWD Exceptions Implementation (effective upon enactment, July 4, 2025)
+      href: https://www.usda.gov/sites/default/files/guidance-documents/fns.snap-obbb-abawd-exceptions-implementation.pdf#page=4
     - title: USDA FNS SNAP Provisions of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025, ABAWD Waivers Implementation Memorandum (October 3, 2025)
       href: https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/obbb-ABAWD-Waivers-Implementation-Memo

policyengine_us/parameters/gov/usda/snap/max_allotment.yaml

@@ -954,24 +954,54 @@ additional:
     2026-10-01: 289
 
 cap:
-  description: The USDA caps the maximum SNAP allotment at this published amount, which binds for households of 18 or more under baseline values; the cap is a fixed dollar amount, so reforms that raise the main or additional allotments do not raise it and can make it bind for smaller households.
+  description: The USDA caps the maximum SNAP allotment at this amount, which binds for households of 18 or more under baseline values; the cap is a fixed dollar amount, so reforms that raise the main or additional allotments do not raise it and can make it bind for smaller households.
   metadata:
     label: SNAP maximum allotment cap
     breakdown:
       - snap_region
+  # 7 U.S.C. 2012(u)(2)(I), as amended by P.L. 119-21 section 10101, caps
+  # the additional percentage for households of 9 or more at 200 percent
+  # of the maximum 4-person allotment. The October 1, 2025 start follows
+  # (u)(3)(C)'s annual October 1 computation and FNS's September 4, 2025
+  # implementation memo, page 2. The FY2026 table prints no cap.
+  # Use USDA's method: published M8 + floor(2 * C4), where C4 is the
+  # four-person Thrifty Food Plan cost before whole-dollar allotment rounding.
+  # The cited cost workbook's Thrifty 21-Pres sheet, I1552, reports the
+  # June 2025 contiguous C4 as $994.40: $1,789 + floor(2 * $994.40) = $3,777.
+  # Operational noncontiguous costs are absent from that workbook. Applying
+  # the statutory ratios to FY2026's published amounts bounds C4 (upper
+  # endpoints excluded); these intervals fix floor(2 * C4):
+  # AK urban: [1285.5555..., 1285.7142...) -> 2571; M8 2314 -> cap 4885.
+  # AK rural 1: [1639.2405..., 1639.4444...) -> 3278; M8 2950 -> cap 6228.
+  # AK rural 2: [1995.1048..., 1995.4545...) -> 3990; M8 3591 -> cap 7581.
+  # HI: [1689.0909..., 1689.2405...) -> 3378; M8 3040 -> cap 6418.
+  # VI: [1278.1818..., 1278.3216...) -> 2556; M8 2300 -> cap 4856.
+  # Guam's [1465.4545..., 1465.5462...) straddles $1465.50, so the floor
+  # is not fixed: its cap could be $5567 or $5568. Retain $5567 pending an
+  # operational cost source; do not infer a floor from that interval.
+  # For FY2027, workbook I1904 gives contiguous C4 $1023.20; bounds from
+  # published sizes 1-8 and the increment fix all other regions' floors.
+  # The same method reproduces all seven printed 18+ caps (memo pages 4-5).
   CONTIGUOUS_US:
+    2025-10-01: 3_777
     2026-10-01: 3_887
   AK_URBAN:
+    2025-10-01: 4_885
     2026-10-01: 4_965
   AK_RURAL_1:
+    2025-10-01: 6_228
     2026-10-01: 6_331
   AK_RURAL_2:
+    2025-10-01: 7_581
     2026-10-01: 7_705
   GU:
+    2025-10-01: 5_567
     2026-10-01: 5_729
   HI:
+    2025-10-01: 6_418
     2026-10-01: 6_289
   VI:
+    2025-10-01: 4_856
     2026-10-01: 4_997
 
 metadata:
@@ -1019,12 +1049,20 @@ metadata:
     # Effective 2025-10-01.
     - title: SNAP FY2026 Cost-of-Living Adjustments
       href: https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/allotment/cola/fy26
+    - title: SNAP FY2026 Maximum Allotments and Deductions
+      href: https://fna-bwbufwdzbabpezgc.z01.azurefd.us/sites/default/files/resource-files/snap-fy26maximumAllotments-deductions.pdf#page=1
+    - title: USDA Thrifty Food Plan costs, June 2021 through September 2026
+      href: https://fns-prod.azureedge.us/sites/default/files/resource-files/usda-thriftyplan-june2021-sept2026.xlsx
+    - title: 7 U.S.C. 2012(u)(2)(I) and (u)(3)(C) (household cap and annual October 1 computation)
+      href: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/7/2012#u
+    - title: FNS SNAP Provisions of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025, September 4, 2025
+      href: https://www.usda.gov/sites/default/files/guidance-documents/fns.snap-obbb-implementation.pdf#page=2
+    - title: Public Law 119-21, section 10101 (household adjustments)
+      href: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-119publ21/pdf/PLAW-119publ21.pdf#page=11
     - title: SNAP FY2027 Cost-of-Living Adjustments
       href: https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/allotment/cola/fy27
-    - title: SNAP FY2027 Cost-of-Living Adjustments memo (48 States and D.C., Guam, Virgin Islands)
+    - title: "SNAP FY2027 Cost-of-Living Adjustments memo #page 4-5"
       href: https://www.usda.gov/sites/default/files/guidance-documents/fna.snap-cola2027.pdf#page=4
-    - title: SNAP FY2027 Cost-of-Living Adjustments memo (Alaska, Hawaii)
-      href: https://www.usda.gov/sites/default/files/guidance-documents/fna.snap-cola2027.pdf#page=5
     # Links to all the above.
     - title: USDA Cost of Living Adjustments
       href: https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/allotment/COLA

policyengine_us/parameters/gov/usda/snap/work_requirements/README.md

@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ to a person, based on their state.
 
 | State(s) | Model behavior | Actual policy | Status |
 | --- | --- | --- | --- |
-| All states except CA, HI, AK | HR1 in effect from 2025-07-04 (`gov.usda.snap.work_requirements.abawd.in_effect`) | Federal effective date 2025-07-04 | Modeled |
+| All states except CA | HR1 in effect from 2025-07-04 (`gov.usda.snap.work_requirements.abawd.in_effect`) | Federal effective date 2025-07-04 | Modeled |
 | CA | HR1 in effect from 2026-06-01 (`gov.states.ca.cdss.snap.work_requirements.abawd.hr1_in_effect`, per ACL 25-93) | Delayed implementation to 2026-06-01 | Modeled |
-| HI, AK | HR1 in effect from 2025-11-01 (`gov.states.hi.dhs.snap.work_requirements.abawd.hr1_in_effect`, `gov.states.ak.dpa.snap.work_requirements.abawd.hr1_in_effect`) | Delayed implementation to 2025-11-01 | Modeled |
+| HI, AK | HR1 in effect from 2025-07-04 under P.L. 119-21 section 10102, which has no later effective date (`gov.states.hi.dhs.snap.work_requirements.abawd.hr1_in_effect`, `gov.states.ak.dpa.snap.work_requirements.abawd.hr1_in_effect`, kept for counterfactuals) | Both states announced 2025-11-01, the end of the quality-control exclusion period; neither had a good-faith exemption before then | Modeled under the statute; Alaska's (o)(7) window (2025-11-01 to 2026-10-31) is modeled separately |
 | AK boroughs with ABAWD waivers | Borough and census-area waivers in `gov.usda.snap.work_requirements.abawd.waived_counties.ak` | Borough-level ABAWD waivers | Modeled; from 2025-11-01 through 2026-10-31 the FY2026 FNS waiver (20 boroughs and census areas) and the 7 U.S.C. 2015(o)(7) good-faith exemption (every area except Anchorage) together keep all 29 non-Anchorage areas waived. FNS has posted no approval document for Alaska's good-faith exemption, so the geographic scope of the nine areas it alone covers rests on the Alaska Division of Public Assistance FAQ (all areas except Anchorage), although FNS Q&A #1 (question 17) describes (o)(7) exemptions as person-level (see the `waived_counties` README) |
 
 ## Data-dependent input limitations

policyengine_us/parameters/gov/usda/snap/work_requirements/abawd/hr1_waiver_criteria/in_effect.yaml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #
 # This switch is federal and independent of is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect: the
 # waiver-criteria change took effect on enactment in every State, including
-# California, Hawaii, and Alaska, whose other HR1 ABAWD changes start later.
+# California, whose other HR1 ABAWD changes start later.
 # It changes only the waiver geography; the age, dependent-child, and
 # exemption changes stay on is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect. To model all
 # pre-HR1 ABAWD rules, also set gov.usda.snap.work_requirements.abawd.in_effect

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/usda/snap/eligibility/work_requirements/is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect.yaml

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 # Federal HR1 effective date: 2025-07-04
 # CA delays to 2026-06-01 per ACL 25-93
-# HI delays to 2025-11-01
-# AK delays to 2025-11-01 (same as HI). HR1 is then in effect statewide,
-# including Anchorage, so the new Alaska Native/Indian exception applies.
+# HI and AK follow the federal date: section 10102 has no later effective
+# date, and neither state had a good-faith exemption before 2025-11-01, so
+# the model follows the statute rather than the states' announced
+# 2025-11-01 implementation. HR1 is in effect statewide, including
+# Anchorage, so the new Alaska Native/Indian exception applies.
 # Alaska's 7 U.S.C. 2015(o)(7) good-faith window (the temporary retained
 # pre-HR1 exceptions, 2025-11-01 through 2026-10-31) is tracked separately
 # by is_snap_abawd_in_good_faith_exemption_window, not by this toggle.
@@ -51,39 +53,39 @@
   output:
     is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect: false
 
-- name: Case 7, default state in effect between federal and HI/AK adoption dates.
+- name: Case 7, default state in effect in August 2025.
   period: 2025-08
   input:
     state_code:
       2025: TX
   output:
     is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect: true
 
-- name: Case 8, HI not in effect between federal and state adoption dates.
+- name: Case 8, HI in effect from the federal date, before its announced 2025-11-01 date.
   period: 2025-08
   input:
     state_code:
       2025: HI
   output:
-    is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect: false
+    is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect: true
 
-- name: Case 9, AK not in effect between federal effective date and exemption window.
+- name: Case 9, AK in effect from the federal date, before its exemption window.
   period: 2025-08
   input:
     state_code:
       2025: AK
   output:
-    is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect: false
+    is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect: true
 
-- name: Case 10, HI in effect at state adoption date.
+- name: Case 10, HI remains in effect at its announced November 2025 implementation date.
   period: 2025-11
   input:
     state_code:
       2025: HI
   output:
     is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect: true
 
-- name: Case 11, AK in effect at its 2025-11-01 adoption date (window tracked separately).
+- name: Case 11, AK in effect when its good-faith window opens on 2025-11-01 (window tracked separately).
   period: 2025-11
   input:
     state_code:
@@ -120,8 +122,8 @@
   output:
     is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect: true
 
-# AK adopts HR1 at 2025-11-01, so hr1_in_effect is true for every month from
-# then on, including the good-faith window. The window itself (the retained
+# AK follows the federal date, so hr1_in_effect is true for every month from
+# August 2025 on, including the good-faith window. The window itself (the retained
 # pre-HR1 exceptions) is a separate variable; see
 # is_snap_abawd_in_good_faith_exemption_window.yaml for its 2026-10 -> 2026-11
 # boundary. state_code is a YEAR variable read via period.this_year, so
@@ -134,3 +136,19 @@
       2026: AK
   output:
     is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect: true
+
+- name: HI not yet in effect in July 2025 (monthly parameters read the first of the month)
+  period: 2025-07
+  input:
+    state_code:
+      2025: HI
+  output:
+    is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect: false
+
+- name: AK not yet in effect in July 2025, like the federal toggle
+  period: 2025-07
+  input:
+    state_code:
+      2025: AK
+  output:
+    is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect: false

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/usda/snap/eligibility/work_requirements/meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements.yaml

@@ -680,7 +680,8 @@
 # =====================================================
 # Alaska good-faith exemption window - 7 U.S.C. 2015(o)(7)
 # 2025-11-01 through 2026-10-31.
-# HR1 is in effect for Alaska from 2025-11-01, so during the window the
+# HR1 is in effect for Alaska from 2025-07-04 (P.L. 119-21 sec. 10102; the model
+# samples month starts, so August 2025 is the first affected month), so during the window the
 # post-HR1 exception set (including the new Alaska Native/Indian exception)
 # applies PLUS the temporarily-retained pre-HR1 categories: ages 56-64,
 # households with children aged 14-17 (see meets_snap_work_requirements.yaml),
@@ -883,7 +884,12 @@
   output:
     meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: true
 
-- name: Case 57, Anchorage age 57 exempt before AK adoption (pre-HR1 55+ still applies).
+- name: Case 57, Anchorage age 57 is subject in October 2025 (HR1's age limit applies from 2025-07-04).
+  # Section 10102 extended the time limit to adults through age 64 from
+  # enactment, and Anchorage is not a waived area, so a 57-year-old working
+  # one hour a week does not meet the requirement. Alaska's announced
+  # 2025-11-01 date had no good-faith exemption behind it; its retained
+  # 56-64 age exemption starts with the window on 2025-11-01.
   period: 2025-10
   absolute_error_margin: 0.1
   input:
@@ -898,7 +904,7 @@
     county_fips:
       2025: "02020"
   output:
-    meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: true
+    meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: false
 
 - name: Case 58, non-Anchorage waived borough healthy adult exempt via the area waiver during the window.
   period: 2026-01
@@ -925,3 +931,19 @@
     state_code: TX
   output:
     meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: false
+
+- name: Case 60, Hawaii age 57 is subject in September 2025 under the federal effective date.
+  # Hawaii's area waiver ended June 30, 2025. The amended age exception
+  # applies before the state's announced November implementation date.
+  period: 2025-09
+  input:
+    age:
+      2025: 57
+    weekly_hours_worked_before_lsr:
+      2025: 1
+    is_disabled:
+      2025: false
+    state_code:
+      2025: HI
+  output:
+    meets_snap_abawd_work_requirements: false

policyengine_us/tests/policy/baseline/gov/usda/snap/eligibility/work_requirements/state_coverage.yaml

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 # See policyengine_us/parameters/gov/usda/snap/work_requirements/README.md
 # for the full coverage table.
 # Federal effective date: 2025-07-04; CA delays to 2026-06-01 per ACL 25-93.
-# HI and AK delay adoption to 2025-11-01
+# HI and AK follow the federal date under section 10102, although both
+# announced 2025-11-01
 # (gov.states.{hi.dhs,ak.dpa}.snap.work_requirements.abawd.hr1_in_effect);
 # their cases are asserted in is_snap_abawd_hr1_in_effect.yaml.
 # AK borough-level waivers are modeled in