Add CB and CTC qualifying young person routes for school leavers

changelog.d/cb-qyp-school-leaver-routes.fixed.md

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+Added the Child Benefit qualifying young person conditions for young people who have left education (Child Benefit (General) Regulations 2006 regs 4, 5 and 7), which the Housing Benefit, legacy benefit and Council Tax Reduction young persons follow: a 16-year-old counts until the 31 August after their 16th birthday, in any year that starts before it, two new inputs place the 20-week extension period and the terminal date, and the model pays no Child Benefit for a young person who qualifies only through the terminal date and works 24 hours or more a week (reg. 7(3)). A young person who reports their own Universal Credit, Employment and Support Allowance or income-based Jobseeker's Allowance, or their own Income Support while DWP pays it, is not one, on any route (reg. 8).

changelog.d/ctc-qyp-school-leaver-routes.fixed.md

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+Counted a 16-year-old who has left education as a Child Tax Credit qualifying young person until the 31 August after their 16th birthday, in any year that starts before it (Child Tax Credit Regulations 2002 reg. 4), and added an input for the 20 weeks after leaving while registered for work or training (reg. 5(3)(b)). Remunerative work of 24 hours a week ends both for a young person who has left education (reg. 5(4)(a)), and Income Support received by the young person ends every route (reg. 5(4)(c)).

policyengine_uk/parameters/gov/dwp/tax_credits/child_tax_credit/eligibility/extension_period_age_limit.yaml

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+description: Age limit below which a person who has left education or training may be a Child Tax Credit qualifying young person for 20 weeks while registered for work or training.
+values:
+  0001-01-01: 18
+metadata:
+  unit: year
+  label: Child Tax Credit extension period age limit
+  reference:
+    - title: The Child Tax Credit Regulations 2002 reg. 5(3)(b)
+      href: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2007/regulation/5

policyengine_uk/parameters/gov/dwp/tax_credits/child_tax_credit/eligibility/remunerative_work_hours.yaml

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+description: Weekly hours of paid work from which a person is in remunerative work for Child Tax Credit rules.
+values:
+  0001-01-01: 24
+metadata:
+  unit: hour
+  label: Child Tax Credit remunerative work hours
+  reference:
+    - title: The Child Tax Credit Regulations 2002 reg. 2(1), "remunerative work"
+      href: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2007/regulation/2

policyengine_uk/parameters/gov/hmrc/child_benefit/eligibility/extension_period_age_limit.yaml

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+description: Age limit below which a person who has left education or training may be a Child Benefit qualifying young person during an extension period.
+values:
+  0001-01-01: 18
+metadata:
+  unit: year
+  label: Child Benefit extension period age limit
+  reference:
+    - title: Child Benefit (General) Regulations 2006 reg. 5(1)
+      href: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/223/regulation/5

policyengine_uk/parameters/gov/hmrc/child_benefit/eligibility/remunerative_work_hours.yaml

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+description: Weekly hours of paid work from which a person is in remunerative work for Child Benefit rules.
+values:
+  0001-01-01: 24
+metadata:
+  unit: hour
+  label: Child Benefit remunerative work hours
+  reference:
+    - title: Child Benefit (General) Regulations 2006 reg. 1(3), "remunerative work"
+      href: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/223/regulation/1

policyengine_uk/tests/income_support_reforms.py

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+"""Reforms that policy YAML tests apply by dotted path (the `reforms` key)."""
+
+from policyengine_core.reforms import Reform
+
+
+class neutralise_income_support(Reform):
+    """A reform that removes Income Support by neutralising income_support."""
+
+    def apply(self):
+        self.neutralize_variable("income_support")