diff --git a/backends/native/runtime/graph/Node.cpp b/backends/native/runtime/graph/Node.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..00500562ccd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backends/native/runtime/graph/Node.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+// Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+// LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+
+#include <executorch/backends/native/runtime/graph/Node.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <executorch/backends/native/runtime/graph/Format.h>
+
+namespace ptn {
+
+namespace {
+
+std::string ref_str(ValueRef ref) {
+  return valid(ref) ? "%" + std::to_string(ref) : "None";
+}
+
+// Compact one-line rendering of an argument for Node::to_string. Symbolic
+// scalars (a valid ref) render as the ref; literals render as their value.
+std::string arg_str(const Argument& arg) {
+  switch (arg.kind()) {
+    case ArgKind::None:
+      return "None";
+    case ArgKind::Tensor:
+      return ref_str(arg.as_tensor().ref);
+    case ArgKind::Int: {
+      const IntArg& a = arg.as_int();
+      return valid(a.ref) ? ref_str(a.ref) : std::to_string(a.value);
+    }
+    case ArgKind::Float: {
+      const FloatArg& a = arg.as_float();
+      return valid(a.ref) ? ref_str(a.ref) : format_double(a.value);
+    }
+    case ArgKind::Bool: {
+      const BoolArg& a = arg.as_bool();
+      return valid(a.ref) ? ref_str(a.ref) : (a.value ? "true" : "false");
+    }
+    case ArgKind::String:
+      return "\"" + arg.as_string().value + "\"";
+    case ArgKind::ScalarType:
+      return scalar_type_name(arg.as_scalar_type().value);
+    case ArgKind::IntList: {
+      const IntListArg& a = arg.as_int_list();
+      std::string s = "[";
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < a.values.size(); ++i) {
+        if (i) {
+          s += ", ";
+        }
+        const bool sym = i < a.refs.size() && valid(a.refs[i]);
+        s += sym ? ref_str(a.refs[i]) : std::to_string(a.values[i]);
+      }
+      return s + "]";
+    }
+    case ArgKind::FloatList: {
+      const FloatListArg& a = arg.as_float_list();
+      std::string s = "[";
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < a.values.size(); ++i) {
+        if (i) {
+          s += ", ";
+        }
+        s += format_double(a.values[i]);
+      }
+      return s + "]";
+    }
+    case ArgKind::BoolList: {
+      const BoolListArg& a = arg.as_bool_list();
+      std::string s = "[";
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < a.values.size(); ++i) {
+        if (i) {
+          s += ", ";
+        }
+        s += a.values[i] ? "true" : "false";
+      }
+      return s + "]";
+    }
+    case ArgKind::TensorList:
+    case ArgKind::OptionalTensorList: {
+      const std::vector<ValueRef>& refs = arg.kind() == ArgKind::TensorList
+          ? arg.as_tensor_list().refs
+          : arg.as_optional_tensor_list().refs;
+      std::string s = "[";
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < refs.size(); ++i) {
+        if (i) {
+          s += ", ";
+        }
+        s += ref_str(refs[i]);
+      }
+      return s + "]";
+    }
+    case ArgKind::Graph:
+      return "graph(" + arg.as_graph().name + ")";
+  }
+  return "?";
+}
+
+std::string output_str(const Output& out) {
+  if (out.kind == OutputValueKind::TensorList) {
+    std::string s = "[";
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < out.elem_refs.size(); ++i) {
+      if (i) {
+        s += ", ";
+      }
+      s += ref_str(out.elem_refs[i]);
+    }
+    return s + "]";
+  }
+  return ref_str(out.value_ref);
+}
+
+// Append `ref` to `refs` unless it is kInvalid (an unwired / literal operand).
+void push_ref(std::vector<ValueRef>& refs, ValueRef ref) {
+  if (valid(ref)) {
+    refs.push_back(ref);
+  }
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+std::vector<ValueRef> Node::input_value_refs() const {
+  std::vector<ValueRef> refs;
+  for (const NamedArgument& named : inputs) {
+    const Argument& arg = named.arg;
+    switch (arg.kind()) {
+      case ArgKind::Tensor:
+        push_ref(refs, arg.as_tensor().ref);
+        break;
+      case ArgKind::Int:
+        push_ref(refs, arg.as_int().ref);
+        break;
+      case ArgKind::Float:
+        push_ref(refs, arg.as_float().ref);
+        break;
+      case ArgKind::Bool:
+        push_ref(refs, arg.as_bool().ref);
+        break;
+      case ArgKind::IntList:
+        for (ValueRef r : arg.as_int_list().refs) {
+          push_ref(refs, r);
+        }
+        break;
+      case ArgKind::TensorList:
+        for (ValueRef r : arg.as_tensor_list().refs) {
+          push_ref(refs, r);
+        }
+        break;
+      case ArgKind::OptionalTensorList:
+        for (ValueRef r : arg.as_optional_tensor_list().refs) {
+          push_ref(refs, r);
+        }
+        break;
+      default:
+        break; // None / String / ScalarType / Float|BoolList / Graph: no refs
+    }
+  }
+  return refs;
+}
+
+std::string Node::to_string() const {
+  std::string s = name.empty() ? "_" : name;
+  s += " = ";
+  switch (op_kind) {
+    case OpKind::CallFunction:
+      s += target;
+      break;
+    case OpKind::Placeholder:
+      s += "<placeholder>";
+      break;
+    case OpKind::Output:
+      s += "<output>";
+      break;
+  }
+  s += "(";
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < inputs.size(); ++i) {
+    if (i) {
+      s += ", ";
+    }
+    const NamedArgument& named = inputs[i];
+    if (!named.name.empty()) {
+      s += named.name + "=";
+    }
+    s += arg_str(named.arg);
+    if (named.mutated) {
+      s += "!";
+    }
+  }
+  s += ")";
+  if (!outputs.empty()) {
+    s += " -> ";
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < outputs.size(); ++i) {
+      if (i) {
+        s += ", ";
+      }
+      s += output_str(outputs[i]);
+    }
+  }
+  return s;
+}
+
+} // namespace ptn
diff --git a/backends/native/runtime/graph/Node.h b/backends/native/runtime/graph/Node.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dc89ab334b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backends/native/runtime/graph/Node.h
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+// Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+// LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <any>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <executorch/backends/native/runtime/graph/Argument.h>
+#include <executorch/backends/native/runtime/graph/Ids.h>
+
+namespace ptn {
+
+// fx node kind (node.op). Pinned to the schema OpKind ids.
+enum class OpKind : int8_t {
+  CallFunction = 0,
+  Placeholder = 1,
+  Output = 2,
+};
+
+// What a single node Output produces. Pinned to the schema OutputValueKind ids;
+// named to match the schema (distinct from the graph-level OutputKind — user
+// output vs buffer mutation — that lands with Method).
+enum class OutputValueKind : int8_t {
+  Tensor = 0,
+  TensorList = 1,
+  Int = 2,
+  Bool = 3,
+  Float = 4,
+};
+
+// One value produced by a node. Tensor / Int / Bool / Float use `value_ref`;
+// TensorList (e.g. split) uses `elem_refs`. The return-ABI grouping is
+// preserved so engine translation can tell a single result from a tuple / list
+// (topk emits two Tensor outputs; split emits one TensorList output). The
+// storage-alias fact lives on the produced Value, not here.
+struct Output {
+  OutputValueKind kind = OutputValueKind::Tensor;
+  ValueRef value_ref = kInvalid;
+  std::vector<ValueRef> elem_refs;
+};
+
+// One fx node: an op invocation (CallFunction) or a graph-boundary marker
+// (Placeholder / Output). For an Output node, `inputs` is the ordered return
+// list (tensors and literals alike) and `outputs` is empty; for a Placeholder,
+// `target` is empty and it produces a single output. `attrs` is a transient
+// scratch map (the fx node.meta analog); it is not serialized.
+struct Node {
+  std::string name;
+  OpKind op_kind = OpKind::CallFunction;
+  // fqn, e.g. "torch.ops.aten.addmm.default"; empty for placeholder / output.
+  std::string target;
+  std::vector<NamedArgument> inputs;
+  std::vector<Output> outputs;
+  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::any> attrs;
+
+  bool is_call() const {
+    return op_kind == OpKind::CallFunction;
+  }
+  bool is_placeholder() const {
+    return op_kind == OpKind::Placeholder;
+  }
+  bool is_output() const {
+    return op_kind == OpKind::Output;
+  }
+
+  // Every ValueRef this node consumes: tensor args, tensor-list / optional-list
+  // elements, and symbolic scalar refs (kInvalid entries skipped). Used to
+  // (re)build def-use wiring.
+  std::vector<ValueRef> input_value_refs() const;
+
+  // Single-line debug rendering, e.g. "a = aten.add.Tensor(x, y, alpha=1)".
+  std::string to_string() const;
+};
+
+} // namespace ptn
diff --git a/backends/native/runtime/graph/targets.bzl b/backends/native/runtime/graph/targets.bzl
index 15196df7d51..0b54abeb91f 100644
--- a/backends/native/runtime/graph/targets.bzl
+++ b/backends/native/runtime/graph/targets.bzl
@@ -82,3 +82,19 @@ def define_common_targets():
         ],
         visibility = ["//executorch/backends/native/..."],
     )
+
+    # One fx node: an op invocation or graph-boundary marker, with typed Outputs
+    # preserving the op return ABI (single / tuple / tensor-list / scalar).
+    runtime.cxx_library(
+        name = "node",
+        srcs = ["Node.cpp"],
+        exported_headers = [
+            "Node.h",
+        ],
+        exported_deps = [
+            ":argument",
+            ":ids",
+        ],
+        deps = [":format"],
+        visibility = ["//executorch/backends/native/..."],
+    )