diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index a6d27e9fa..79104dcae 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ The release run heads these entries with the version and opens a fresh
 
 ## Unreleased
 
+- PDF authentication accepts named crypt filters with an explicit or default
+  `None` method, and applies the 127-byte password limit for AES-256 revision 6.
+
 - Spreadsheet recalculation recognizes STDEV.S, STDEV.P, VAR.S, and VAR.P,
   including their Excel and LibreOffice compatibility prefixes.
 
diff --git a/src/odr/internal/pdf/pdf_encryption.cpp b/src/odr/internal/pdf/pdf_encryption.cpp
index 834604ed2..c9d942434 100644
--- a/src/odr/internal/pdf/pdf_encryption.cpp
+++ b/src/odr/internal/pdf/pdf_encryption.cpp
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ std::optional<EncryptionMethod> cfm_method(const std::string &cfm) {
   if (cfm == "AESV3") {
     return EncryptionMethod::aes_v3;
   }
-  if (cfm == "Identity") {
+  if (cfm == "None" || cfm == "Identity") {
     return EncryptionMethod::none;
   }
   return std::nullopt;
@@ -216,12 +216,27 @@ std::optional<EncryptionMethod> resolve_crypt_filter(const Dictionary &encrypt,
     return std::nullopt;
   }
   const Dictionary &filter = cf[name].as_dictionary();
+  // ISO 32000-1 Table 25: an omitted CFM defaults to None.
+  if (filter.get("CFM").is_null()) {
+    return EncryptionMethod::none;
+  }
   if (!filter.get("CFM").is_name()) {
     return std::nullopt;
   }
   return cfm_method(filter["CFM"].as_name());
 }
 
+/// The method `/StmF` or `/StrF` selects, or @p fallback if the entry is
+/// absent.
+std::optional<EncryptionMethod> filter_method(const Dictionary &encrypt,
+                                              const std::string &key,
+                                              const EncryptionMethod fallback) {
+  if (!encrypt.get(key).is_name()) {
+    return fallback;
+  }
+  return resolve_crypt_filter(encrypt, encrypt[key].as_name());
+}
+
 } // namespace
 
 std::optional<Authenticator>
@@ -259,11 +274,20 @@ Authenticator::create(const Dictionary &encrypt, const std::string &file_id0) {
     d.m_oe = encrypt["OE"].as_string();
     d.m_ue = encrypt["UE"].as_string();
     d.m_key_length = 32;
-    d.m_stream_method = EncryptionMethod::aes_v3;
-    d.m_string_method = EncryptionMethod::aes_v3;
     if (d.m_r != 6) {
       return std::nullopt; // R 5 (deprecated interim revision) is out of scope
     }
+    // The spec defaults to Identity, but AES-256 writers that omit the crypt
+    // filters still encrypt everything.
+    const auto stream_method =
+        filter_method(encrypt, "StmF", EncryptionMethod::aes_v3);
+    const auto string_method =
+        filter_method(encrypt, "StrF", EncryptionMethod::aes_v3);
+    if (!stream_method || !string_method) {
+      return std::nullopt; // unsupported crypt filter
+    }
+    d.m_stream_method = *stream_method;
+    d.m_string_method = *string_method;
     return d;
   }
 
@@ -279,12 +303,10 @@ Authenticator::create(const Dictionary &encrypt, const std::string &file_id0) {
   if (d.m_v == 4) {
     // Crypt filters select the method for streams and strings; the defaults
     // are Identity (Table 20).
-    const std::string stmf =
-        encrypt.get("StmF").is_name() ? encrypt["StmF"].as_name() : "Identity";
-    const std::string strf =
-        encrypt.get("StrF").is_name() ? encrypt["StrF"].as_name() : "Identity";
-    const auto stream_method = resolve_crypt_filter(encrypt, stmf);
-    const auto string_method = resolve_crypt_filter(encrypt, strf);
+    const auto stream_method =
+        filter_method(encrypt, "StmF", EncryptionMethod::none);
+    const auto string_method =
+        filter_method(encrypt, "StrF", EncryptionMethod::none);
     if (!stream_method || !string_method) {
       return std::nullopt; // unsupported crypt filter
     }
@@ -307,15 +329,17 @@ Authenticator::authenticate(const std::string &password) const {
     // ISO 32000-2 Algorithms 11/12: validate against the salts in /U and /O,
     // then unwrap the file key from /UE or /OE with AES-256-CBC (zero IV).
     const std::string zero_iv(aes_block, '\0');
+    // Algorithm 2.A: only the first 127 bytes of the UTF-8 password count.
+    const std::string truncated = password.substr(0, 127);
 
-    if (hash_r6(password, m_u.substr(32, 8), {}) == m_u.substr(0, 32)) {
-      const std::string ik = hash_r6(password, m_u.substr(40, 8), {});
+    if (hash_r6(truncated, m_u.substr(32, 8), {}) == m_u.substr(0, 32)) {
+      const std::string ik = hash_r6(truncated, m_u.substr(40, 8), {});
       std::string key = crypto::util::decrypt_aes_cbc(ik, zero_iv, m_ue);
       return Decryptor(std::move(key), m_stream_method, m_string_method);
     }
     const std::string u48 = m_u.substr(0, 48);
-    if (hash_r6(password, m_o.substr(32, 8), u48) == m_o.substr(0, 32)) {
-      const std::string ik = hash_r6(password, m_o.substr(40, 8), u48);
+    if (hash_r6(truncated, m_o.substr(32, 8), u48) == m_o.substr(0, 32)) {
+      const std::string ik = hash_r6(truncated, m_o.substr(40, 8), u48);
       std::string key = crypto::util::decrypt_aes_cbc(ik, zero_iv, m_oe);
       return Decryptor(std::move(key), m_stream_method, m_string_method);
     }
diff --git a/test/src/internal/pdf/pdf_encryption.cpp b/test/src/internal/pdf/pdf_encryption.cpp
index fff1673b3..4a21f444a 100644
--- a/test/src/internal/pdf/pdf_encryption.cpp
+++ b/test/src/internal/pdf/pdf_encryption.cpp
@@ -159,6 +159,92 @@ TEST(PdfEncryption, qpdf_aes_128_r4) {
   EXPECT_NE(content.find(kMarker), std::string::npos);
 }
 
+TEST(PdfEncryption, named_unencrypted_crypt_filter) {
+  const std::string owner(32, 'o');
+  const std::string key = standard_security::compute_key_r2_r4(
+      "user", owner, -4, "id", 4, 16, true);
+  const std::string user = standard_security::compute_u_r2_r4(key, "id", 4);
+  for (const bool explicit_method : {false, true}) {
+    SCOPED_TRACE(explicit_method);
+    Dictionary encrypt = standard_encrypt(4, 4, 128, owner, user);
+    Dictionary filter;
+    if (explicit_method) {
+      filter["CFM"] = Object(Name("None"));
+    }
+    Dictionary filters;
+    filters["Clear"] = Object(std::move(filter));
+    encrypt["CF"] = Object(std::move(filters));
+    encrypt["StmF"] = Object(Name("Clear"));
+    encrypt["StrF"] = Object(Name("Clear"));
+    const auto authenticator = Authenticator::create(encrypt, "id");
+    ASSERT_TRUE(authenticator.has_value());
+    const auto decryptor = authenticator->authenticate("user");
+    ASSERT_TRUE(decryptor.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(decryptor->decrypt_stream(kContentRef, kMarker), kMarker);
+    EXPECT_EQ(decryptor->decrypt_string(kContentRef, kMarker), kMarker);
+  }
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+// Frozen qpdf 12.3.2 output, user/owner passwords: 127 'u'/'o' bytes.
+Dictionary qpdf_r6_encrypt() {
+  Dictionary encrypt = standard_encrypt(
+      5, 6, 256,
+      hex_decode(
+          "b6f62a02b186fa1bd0bf815c7b9374df14dd1e711287a4f5be1f623cdb2dae07"
+          "05fbe76667796505e0d1024c0b327eb9"),
+      hex_decode(
+          "7b27e3f32d74562fe3236910b01f794430c25b6227ccd22319eac7a773682fc7"
+          "e535e5435177c87a4ad8aa91ab2316a5"));
+  encrypt["OE"] = Object(StandardString(hex_decode(
+      "db29dc16413c275e33d0f297fde819f57173d601280cfefbe90f9c1899647f03")));
+  encrypt["UE"] = Object(StandardString(hex_decode(
+      "3d2aa5d75ee4f90aee3fdf6a28af4b504912d9fe8678063910b673600e0c3c23")));
+  return encrypt;
+}
+
+const std::string kQpdfR6Stream = hex_decode(
+    "477bf3f6b8aa0697656e2844d037d183218f77ad3f2a926118a08b694f07ea2e"
+    "1fec24dbe016dac6bbffeba92757f4ccf227c9d378efafdb8e703fe38b501a22");
+constexpr const char *kQpdfR6Content = "BT /F1 12 Tf (KAT-MARKER-12345) Tj ET";
+
+} // namespace
+
+TEST(PdfEncryption, qpdf_r6_truncates_user_and_owner_passwords) {
+  const auto authenticator = Authenticator::create(qpdf_r6_encrypt(), "");
+  ASSERT_TRUE(authenticator.has_value());
+  for (const char character : {'u', 'o'}) {
+    SCOPED_TRACE(character);
+    const std::string password(127, character);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(authenticator->authenticate(password.substr(1)).has_value());
+    for (const std::string &candidate : {password, password + "ignored"}) {
+      const auto decryptor = authenticator->authenticate(candidate);
+      ASSERT_TRUE(decryptor.has_value());
+      EXPECT_EQ(decryptor->decrypt_stream(kContentRef, kQpdfR6Stream),
+                kQpdfR6Content);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(PdfEncryption, r6_honors_named_crypt_filters) {
+  Dictionary encrypt = qpdf_r6_encrypt();
+  Dictionary filter;
+  filter["CFM"] = Object(Name("AESV3"));
+  Dictionary filters;
+  filters["StdCF"] = Object(std::move(filter));
+  encrypt["CF"] = Object(std::move(filters));
+  encrypt["StmF"] = Object(Name("StdCF"));
+  encrypt["StrF"] = Object(Name("Identity"));
+  const auto authenticator = Authenticator::create(encrypt, "");
+  ASSERT_TRUE(authenticator.has_value());
+  const auto decryptor = authenticator->authenticate(std::string(127, 'u'));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(decryptor.has_value());
+  EXPECT_EQ(decryptor->decrypt_stream(kContentRef, kQpdfR6Stream),
+            kQpdfR6Content);
+  EXPECT_EQ(decryptor->decrypt_string(kContentRef, kMarker), kMarker);
+}
+
 // A damaged file can end an AES string inside a block; the whole blocks before
 // it still decrypt.
 TEST(PdfEncryption, aes_drops_a_trailing_partial_block) {