diff --git a/hbase-server/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/master/assignment/MergeTableRegionsProcedure.java b/hbase-server/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/master/assignment/MergeTableRegionsProcedure.java
index f70099197deb..fe6551e46cf3 100644
--- a/hbase-server/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/master/assignment/MergeTableRegionsProcedure.java
+++ b/hbase-server/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/master/assignment/MergeTableRegionsProcedure.java
@@ -284,9 +284,13 @@ protected void rollbackState(final MasterProcedureEnv env, final MergeTableRegio
           cleanupMergedRegion(env);
           break;
         case MERGE_TABLE_REGIONS_CHECK_CLOSED_REGIONS:
+          rollbackCloseRegionsForMerge(env);
           break;
         case MERGE_TABLE_REGIONS_CLOSE_REGIONS:
-          rollbackCloseRegionsForMerge(env);
+          // No-op. The reopen TransitRegionStateProcedures for the two parents were already
+          // submitted by the rollback of MERGE_TABLE_REGIONS_CHECK_CLOSED_REGIONS above;
+          // submitting a second batch here would race the first. Mirrors
+          // SplitTableRegionProcedure's rollback of SPLIT_TABLE_REGION_CLOSE_PARENT_REGION.
           break;
         case MERGE_TABLE_REGIONS_PRE_MERGE_OPERATION:
           postRollBackMergeRegions(env);
diff --git a/hbase-server/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/master/assignment/TestMergeTableRegionsProcedure.java b/hbase-server/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/master/assignment/TestMergeTableRegionsProcedure.java
index 1de06e82c02d..25da0f698f40 100644
--- a/hbase-server/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/master/assignment/TestMergeTableRegionsProcedure.java
+++ b/hbase-server/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/hbase/master/assignment/TestMergeTableRegionsProcedure.java
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
+import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
+import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseTestingUtil;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HConstants;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.MetaTableAccessor;
@@ -38,6 +40,7 @@
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.TableDescriptor;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.TableDescriptorBuilder;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.master.RegionState;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.master.procedure.MasterProcedureConstants;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.master.procedure.MasterProcedureEnv;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.master.procedure.MasterProcedureTestingUtility;
@@ -51,7 +54,10 @@
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.testclassification.LargeTests;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.testclassification.MasterTests;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.CommonFSUtils;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.FSUtils;
 import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Threads;
+import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.wal.WALSplitUtil;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
@@ -327,6 +333,69 @@ public void testRollbackAndDoubleExecution() throws Exception {
     assertEquals(initialRegionCount, regions.size());
   }
 
+  /**
+   * HBASE-30334 repro. Plant a stale recovered.edits file on a parent region so that
+   * MERGE_TABLE_REGIONS_CHECK_CLOSED_REGIONS throws (the exact failure from the 49-min
+   * stuck-RIT incident). After rollback the parents MUST be OPEN. If they stay stuck
+   * (e.g. CLOSED / MERGING), we've reproduced the incident locally and the rollback path
+   * as-is is broken.
+   */
+  @Test
+  public void testRollbackReopensParentsAfterCheckClosedRegionsFailure() throws Exception {
+    final TableName tableName = TableName.valueOf(testMethodName);
+    UTIL.createTable(tableName, new byte[][] { HConstants.CATALOG_FAMILY },
+      new byte[][] { new byte[] { 'b' } });
+    UTIL.waitUntilAllRegionsAssigned(tableName);
+
+    List<RegionInfo> ris = MetaTableAccessor.getTableRegions(UTIL.getConnection(), tableName);
+    assertEquals(2, ris.size());
+    RegionInfo[] regionsToMerge = new RegionInfo[] { ris.get(0), ris.get(1) };
+
+    Configuration conf = UTIL.getConfiguration();
+    Path regionDir =
+      FSUtils.getRegionDirFromRootDir(CommonFSUtils.getRootDir(conf), regionsToMerge[0]);
+    Path recoveredEditsDir = WALSplitUtil.getRegionDirRecoveredEditsDir(regionDir);
+    FileSystem fs = CommonFSUtils.getRootDirFileSystem(conf);
+    fs.mkdirs(recoveredEditsDir);
+    Path staleFile = new Path(recoveredEditsDir, "0000000000000000001");
+    fs.createNewFile(staleFile);
+    assertTrue(WALSplitUtil.hasRecoveredEdits(conf, regionsToMerge[0]),
+      "stale recovered.edits file must be visible");
+
+    AssignmentManager am = UTIL.getHBaseCluster().getMaster().getAssignmentManager();
+    LOG.info("HBASE-30334-DEBUG pre-merge: {} state={} / {} state={}",
+      regionsToMerge[0].getEncodedName(),
+      am.getRegionStates().getRegionStateNode(regionsToMerge[0]).getState(),
+      regionsToMerge[1].getEncodedName(),
+      am.getRegionStates().getRegionStateNode(regionsToMerge[1]).getState());
+
+    final ProcedureExecutor<MasterProcedureEnv> procExec = getMasterProcedureExecutor();
+    MergeTableRegionsProcedure proc =
+      new MergeTableRegionsProcedure(procExec.getEnvironment(), regionsToMerge, true);
+    long procId = procExec.submitProcedure(proc);
+    ProcedureTestingUtility.waitProcedure(procExec, procId);
+
+    RegionState.State s0Post =
+      am.getRegionStates().getRegionStateNode(regionsToMerge[0]).getState();
+    RegionState.State s1Post =
+      am.getRegionStates().getRegionStateNode(regionsToMerge[1]).getState();
+    LOG.info("HBASE-30334-DEBUG post-rollback: {} state={} / {} state={}",
+      regionsToMerge[0].getEncodedName(), s0Post,
+      regionsToMerge[1].getEncodedName(), s1Post);
+
+    ProcedureTestingUtility.assertProcFailed(procExec, procId);
+
+    fs.delete(staleFile, false);
+
+    UTIL.waitFor(30_000, 500, () -> {
+      RegionState.State a =
+        am.getRegionStates().getRegionStateNode(regionsToMerge[0]).getState();
+      RegionState.State b =
+        am.getRegionStates().getRegionStateNode(regionsToMerge[1]).getState();
+      return a == RegionState.State.OPEN && b == RegionState.State.OPEN;
+    });
+  }
+
   @Test
   public void testMergeWithoutPONR() throws Exception {
     final TableName tableName = TableName.valueOf("testMergeWithoutPONR");